c programming 2017

Year 2017

2.Write a program to add four integer taken from user

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
      int a,b,c,d,s;
      printf("Enter four integers:\n");
      scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);
      s = a+b+c+d;
      printf("The sum of given four integers = %d.",s);
}
Output:
Enter four integers:
1
2
3
4
The sum of given four integers = 10.

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

int a,b,c,d,s;

printf("Enter four integers:\n");

scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);

s = a+b+c+d;

printf("The sum of given four integers = %d.",s);

}

Output:

Enter four integers:

The sum of given four integers = 10.

3. Explain dynamic memory allocation with example
The concept of dynamic memory allocation in c language enables the C programmer to allocate memory at runtime.
Dynamic memory allocation in c language is possible by 4 functions of stdlib.h header file.
malloc():-allocates single block of requested memory.
The syntax of malloc() function is given below:
ptr=(cast-type*)malloc(byte-size)
calloc():-allocates multiple block of requested memory.
The syntax of calloc() function is given below:
ptr=(cast-type*)calloc(number, byte-size)
realloc():-reallocates the memory occupied by malloc() or calloc() functions
ptr=realloc(ptr, new-size)
free():-frees the dynamically allocated memory
The syntax for free() function is given below:
free(ptr)
Program to for dynamic memory allocation

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
    int n,i,*ptr,sum=0;
    printf("Enter number of elements: ");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    ptr=(int*)malloc(n*sizeof(int));
    if(ptr==NULL)
    {
        printf("Sorry! unable to allocate memory");
        exit(0);
    }
    printf("Enter elements of array: ");
    for(i=0;i<n;++i)
    {
        scanf("%d",ptr+i);
        sum+=*(ptr+i);
    }
    printf("Sum=%d",sum);
    free(ptr);
    getch();
    return 0;
}
output:
Enter number of elements: 5
Enter elements of array: 1 2 3 4 5
Sum=15

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

{

int n,i,*ptr,sum=0;

printf("Enter number of elements: ");

scanf("%d",&n);

ptr=(int*)malloc(n*sizeof(int));

if(ptr==NULL)

{

printf("Sorry! unable to allocate memory");

exit(0);

}

printf("Enter elements of array: ");

for(i=0;i<n;++i)

{

scanf("%d",ptr+i);

sum+=*(ptr+i);

}

printf("Sum=%d",sum);

free(ptr);

getch();

return 0;

}

output:

Enter number of elements: 5

Enter elements of array: 1 2 3 4 5

Sum=15

4.List and explain different file opening modes
A file represents a sequence of bytes on the disk where a group of related data is stored.File is created for permanent storage of data. It is a ready-made structure.The fopen() function is used to create a new file or to open an existing file.
Different modes in file handling.

S.N	Modes and Description
1	“r”: Opens a file for reading. The file must exists
2	“w”: Creates an empty file for writing. If a file with same name already exists, its content is erased and the file is considered as a new empty file.
3	“a”: Appends to a file. Writing operations append data at the end of file. The new file is created if it does not exist.
4	“r+”: Opens a file to update both reading and writing. The file must exist
5	“w+”: Creates an empty file for both reading and writing
6	“a+” :Opens a file for reading and appending

5.Write a function to check whether a given number is 987 or not

#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
      int n;
      printf("Enter any number\n");
      scanf("%d",&n);
      if(n==987)
      printf("The number is equal to 987\n");
      else
      printf("The number is not equal to 987\n");
      getch();
      return 0;
}

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int n;

printf("Enter any number\n");

scanf("%d",&n);

if(n==987)

printf("The number is equal to 987\n");

else

printf("The number is not equal to 987\n");

getch();

return 0;

}

6. Write a function to copy content of one array to another array. You can consider any type of arrays.

#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
      int arr1[] = {2,7,5,6,3,4};
      int arr2[6];
      int i;
      printf("Content of first array\n");
      for(i=0;i<6;i++)
      printf("%d\t",arr1[i]);
      for(i=0;i<6;i++)
      {
        arr2[i]=arr1[i];
      }
      printf("\nContent of second array\n");
      for(i=0;i<6;i++)
      printf("%d\t",arr2[i]);
      getch();
      return 0;
}
Output:
Content of first array
2       7       5       6       3       4
Content of second array
2       7       5       6       3       4

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

int main()

{

int arr1[] = {2,7,5,6,3,4};

int arr2[6];

int i;

printf("Content of first array\n");

for(i=0;i<6;i++)

printf("%d\t",arr1[i]);

for(i=0;i<6;i++)

{

arr2[i]=arr1[i];

}

printf("\nContent of second array\n");

for(i=0;i<6;i++)

printf("%d\t",arr2[i]);

getch();

return 0;

}

Output:

Content of first array

2 7 5 6 3 4

Content of second array

2 7 5 6 3 4

Group “C”

7.List any five string handling functions. Write a program to swap contents of two string variables with each other.
The five string handling functions are:

strlen():- This function is used to find length of string
strcmp():-This function is used to compare two strings
strcpy():-This function is used to copy one string into another
strrev():- This function is used to reverse the content of string

strlwr():- This function is used to convert uppercase into lowercase

#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
      char str1[20],str2[20],temp[20];
      printf("Enter first string\n");
      gets(str1);
      printf("Enter second string\n");
      gets(str2);
      strcpy(temp,str1);
      strcpy(str1,str2);
      strcpy(str2,temp);
      printf("The first string = %s\n",str1);
      printf("The second string = %s",str2);
      getch();
      return 0;
}
Output:
Enter first string
Kathmandu
Enter second string
Nepalganj
The first string = Nepalganj
The second string = Kathmandu

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

int main()

{

char str1[20],str2[20],temp[20];

printf("Enter first string\n");

gets(str1);

printf("Enter second string\n");

gets(str2);

strcpy(temp,str1);

strcpy(str1,str2);

strcpy(str2,temp);

printf("The first string = %s\n",str1);

printf("The second string = %s",str2);

getch();

return 0;

}

Output:

Enter first string

Kathmandu

Enter second string

Nepalganj

The first string = Nepalganj

The second string = Kathmandu

8.Write a program to print following pattern using for loop
2
4
8
14
22

#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
   int t,d,i;
   t=2;d=0;
   for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
   {
      t = t+d;
      d = d+2;
      printf("%d\n",t);
   }
      getch();
      return 0;
}
Output:
2
4
8
14
22

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int t,d,i;

t=2;d=0;

for(i=1;i<=5;i++)

{

t = t+d;

d = d+2;

printf("%d\n",t);

}

getch();

return 0;

}

Output:

9. Write a program to store value of two integer variables in a file named “Two_Rupees.txt.

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
    FILE *fp;
    fp = fopen("Two_Ruppes.txt","w");
    int m,n;
    printf("Enter any two numbers: ");
    scanf("%d%d",n);
    if(fprintf(fp,"%d%d",m,n))
        printf("Successful");
    else
        printf("Unsuccessful");
    fclose(fp);
}
Output:
Enter any two numbers: 500 600
Successful

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

FILE *fp;

fp = fopen("Two_Ruppes.txt","w");

int m,n;

printf("Enter any two numbers: ");

scanf("%d%d",n);

if(fprintf(fp,"%d%d",m,n))

printf("Successful");

else

printf("Unsuccessful");

fclose(fp);

}

Output:

Enter any two numbers: 500 600

Successful

Year 2017

Group “C”

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