Defination A transaction is the basic logical unit of execution in an information system. A transaction is an event which occurs on the database. Generally a transaction reads a value from the database or writes values to the database. State of Transaction Active :A transaction enters into an active state when the execution process begins. […]
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Continue ReadingACID Properties in DBMS A transaction is a single logical unit of work which accesses and possibly modifies the contents of a database. Transactions access data using read and write operations. In order to maintain consistency in a database, before and after transaction, certain properties are followed. These are called ACID properties. Atomicity By this, […]
Continue ReadingFirst Normal Form (1NF) Each column is unique in 1NF. As per the rule of first normal form, an attribute (column) of a table cannot hold multiple values. It should hold only atomic values. Example: 1 Sample Employee table, it displays employees are working with multiple departments. Employee Age Department Melvin 32 Marketing, Sales Edward […]
Continue ReadingWhat is a File? A file is simply a resource for storing information on a computer. Files are usually used to store information such as; Configuration settings of a program Simple data such as contact names against the phone numbers. Images, Pictures, Photos, etc. Opening a File The fopen() function is used to open files […]
Continue ReadingPHP Form Handling The most important thing to notice when dealing with HTML forms and PHP is that any form element in an HTML page will automatically be available to your PHP scripts. Example The example below contains an HTML form with two input fields and a submit button:
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<html> <body><form action="welcome.php" method="post"> Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br> E-mail: <input type="text" name="email"><br> <input type="submit"> </form></body> </html> |
When a user fills out […]
Continue ReadingArray An array stores multiple values in one single variable.A variable is a storage area holding a number or text. The problem is, a variable will hold only one value.An array is a special variable, which can store multiple values in one single variable.An array can hold all your variable values under a single name. […]
Continue ReadingPHP Functions To keep the browser from executing a script when the page loads, you can put your script into a function.A function will be executed by a call to the function. You may call a function from anywhere within a page. Create a PHP Function A function will be executed by a call […]
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