Long answer question:
- How are viewpoints formed? Elaborate in details.
- What is the filter of mind? Explain the role of one of its contents in the interpretation of reality.
- Why is brain called storehouse of knowledge? What role does it play in interpreting reality?
- What are viewpoints? How do they affect communication.
- Define emotions. Explain how they influence our communication.
 1. How  Viewpoints are  Formed?
The study of viewpoints are quite complex task because it is a psychological phenomena. However, they can be formed in five different ways:
A. Through objective reasoning
-  It is a rational process of taking decision (finding knowledge).
- Â Most knowledgeable and wise people follow this process before taking decision.
- But it has also a drawback because most of the time we response to the things on the basis of our feelings than facts- Harold Leavitt
- Human beings are not always rational.
B.Social strata and viewpoints
- Social strata plays an important role in determining the viewpoints.
- Here social strata refers to the levels of society. That is it divides the people in different backgrounds: religious, economical, racial and gender.
- So we always form our viewpoints according to the social strata we belong.
- The experience (knowledge) that we get from social strata affects our viewpoints.
There are five components of social strata that influence our viewpoints:
(I)Economic class
- It includes: economic status, education and occupation.
- -Class always shape the thinking of human beings.
(ii) Residence or geography
- -Geography determines our thinking.
- -People from different geography think differently.
(iii)Ethnic inheritances
-  It studies the people’s thought on the basis of their national, religious and racial origin.
- Thus, this ethnic inheritance shape people psychology and ultimately their thought.
(iv) Sex
- Sex determines the thinking. For example: male and female’s position in the society
(v) Age
- Age is also a crucial factor that determines our thinking. People from different age group think differently.
 C.Early Influence of the Family
- We learn most of the things from our family (members). And they play an important role in forming our viewpoints through out our life.
- We are like parrot. We copied from the family members.
- Our viewpoints on religion, politics and culture are reflected from our families.
D. Change Effects of Group
- Some of our viewpoints may later be changed according to the groups (friends, social and religious, political etc.) we belong to.
- We speak and behave according to the group we belong.
- Here, somehow we may either correct our thought or may change it.
- When we change the group we adopt the viewpoint of the new group.
